Dry Eyes
Dry Eyes
Dry eyes, also called dry eye disease (DED), are a common condition that can cause uncomfortable symptoms, including dryness, burning, itching, redness, and blurred vision. Several factors can cause dry eyes, including aging, environmental factors, medications, and medical conditions.
What are dry eyes?
Dry eyes occur when the eyes do not produce enough tears or when the tears evaporate too quickly. Tears are essential for lubricating the eyes and protecting them from irritation. When the eyes are dry, they can become irritated and uncomfortable.
What are the symptoms of dry eyes?
The most common symptoms of dry eyes include:
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Dryness
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Burning
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Itching
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Redness
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Blurred vision
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Difficulty wearing contact lenses
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Sandy or gritty feeling in the eyes
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Sensitivity to light
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Diagnosis and treatment of various eye conditions
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Foreign body removal
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Management of eye infections and inflammation
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Treatment of corneal abrasions and other injuries
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Referral to ophthalmologists for specialized care when needed
What are the causes of dry eyes?
Many factors can contribute to dry eyes, including:
Aging: Our tear glands naturally produce fewer tears as we age, leading to a less effective tear film and increased risk of dry eyes. Women, particularly during menopause, may experience hormonal shifts that impact tear production.
Environmental factors: Low humidity, whether due to air conditioning, heating, or arid climates, can cause tears to evaporate more quickly. Exposure to wind and dust can irritate the eyes and increase tear evaporation. Pollutants in the air can contribute to eye irritation and dryness.
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Exposure to smoke, whether from cigarettes or other sources, can irritate the eyes. Staring at digital screens for extended periods can reduce the blink rate, leading to increased tear evaporation.
Medications: Some medications, such as antihistamines, decongestants, and antidepressants, can cause dry eyes.
Medical conditions: Dry eyes can be caused by some conditions, such as Sjogren's syndrome, lupus, and rheumatoid arthritis.
Vision correction: People who wear contact lenses or have undergone LASIK surgery are likelier to experience dry eyes.
Other factors: Smoking, caffeine, and alcohol can also contribute to dry eyes.
How are dry eyes treated?
There is no cure for dry eyes, but several treatments can help relieve symptoms. These include:
Artificial tears: Artificial tears are lubricants that help keep the eyes moist.
Prescription eye drops: Prescription eye drops can help to increase tear production or slow down the evaporation of tears.
Punctal plugs: Punctal plugs are tiny devices inserted into the tear ducts to prevent tears from draining away.
Lifestyle changes: Avoiding irritants such as smoke and dust and using a humidifier can help improve dry eyes.
How can I prevent dry eyes?
There are several things you can do to help prevent dry eyes, including:
Blink frequently: When you stare at a screen for a long time, you may not blink as often as you should. This can lead to dry eyes. Make sure to blink regularly to keep your eyes moist.
Take breaks: If you work at a computer, take breaks every 20 minutes to look away from the screen and rest your eyes.
Use a humidifier. A humidifier adds moisture to the air, which can help prevent dry eyes.
Avoid irritants: Smoke, dust, and wind can irritate the eyes and worsen dry eyes.
Drink plenty of water: Staying hydrated can help to keep your eyes moist.
Eat a healthy diet: Eating a healthy diet that includes omega-3 fatty acids can help to improve eye health.
How are dry eyes diagnosed?
An optometrist can diagnose dry eyes. The doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history and perform an eye exam.
Contact us today for more information on how we can help with dry eyes.
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